Ontology type: schema:ScholarlyArticle Open Access: True
2013-09-23
AUTHORSRithea Leang, Sakun Ros, Socheat Duong, Visweswaran Navaratnam, Pharath Lim, Frédéric Ariey, Jean-René Kiechel, Didier Ménard, Walter RJ Taylor
ABSTRACTBackgroundCambodia stopped using co-blistered, non-fixed, artesunate-mefloquine (ASMQ) in 2008 when treatment failure rates approximated 20%. Fixed dose combination (FDC) ASMQ is efficacious against acute uncomplicated, drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Southeast Asia but has not been tested in Cambodia.MethodsA 42-day WHO therapeutic efficacy study (TES) was conducted in 2010 in Oral, Kampong Speu province, south-west Cambodia, in patients with acute uncomplicated P. falciparum. Daily administered FDC ASMQ for three days was dosed by age. Genotyping of isolates at day 0 and day of recrudescence by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) classified post-treatment recurrent falciparum parasitaemia. Ex vivo drug sensitivity testing ([3H] hypoxanthine method) was performed on baseline parasites and reported as the drug concentration inhibiting 50% parasite growth vs no drug (IC50).ResultsRecruited patients numbered 45; five aged <15 years. On day 3, five of 45 [11.1 (3.7-24.05)] % patients were still parasite-positive; one of whom later failed treatment on day 21. There were 5/45 (11.1%) late treatment failures on day 21, 28 and 35; all were PCR diagnosed recrudescent infections. The day 0 MQ IC50s ranged from 11.5-238.9 (median 58.6) nM.ConclusionsThis TES demonstrated reasonable efficacy in an area of possible reduced artemisinin sensitivity and high MQ IC50s. Efficacy testing of FDC ASMQ should continue in Cambodia and be considered for reintroduction if efficacy returns. More... »
PAGES343
http://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1186/1475-2875-12-343
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-12-343
DIMENSIONShttps://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1003787493
PUBMEDhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24060207
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