Ontology type: schema:ScholarlyArticle Open Access: True
2015-02-18
AUTHORSBenjamin L. Allen, Dylan J. Taatjes
ABSTRACTKey PointsA basic function of the Mediator complex is to communicate regulatory signals from DNA-binding transcription factors (TFs) directly to RNA polymerase II (Pol II).Different TFs, and the signalling pathways that regulate these TFs, often interact with different Mediator subunits to regulate expression of their target genes.Mediator is composed of a large number of subunits, some of which can reversibly associate with Mediator or are expressed at variable levels in different cell types.Mediator binding to various proteins and protein complexes, such as TFs, Pol II and the cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) module, results in large-scale structural changes. These structural changes, in turn, appear to modulate the function of Mediator and may affect its ability to bind to other proteins.Because of its direct and extensive interactions with Pol II, Mediator regulates multiple stages of Pol II transcription (for example, initiation and re-initiation). Mediator interactions with the super elongation complex (SEC) also seem to be important for its regulation of Pol II elongation.The interactions between TFs, Mediator, cohesin and the pre-initiation complex (PIC) correlate with the formation of enhancer–promoter DNA loops, which are an important regulatory mechanism. Interactions between Mediator and non-coding RNA also correlate with DNA looping. More... »
PAGES155-166
http://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1038/nrm3951
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrm3951
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