Ontology type: schema:ScholarlyArticle Open Access: True
2012-04
AUTHORS ABSTRACTAmong the most promising approaches to activating therapeutic antitumour immunity is the blockade of immune checkpoints. Immune checkpoints refer to a plethora of inhibitory pathways hardwired into the immune system that are crucial for maintaining self-tolerance and modulating the duration and amplitude of physiological immune responses in peripheral tissues in order to minimize collateral tissue damage. It is now clear that tumours co-opt certain immune-checkpoint pathways as a major mechanism of immune resistance, particularly against T cells that are specific for tumour antigens. Because many of the immune checkpoints are initiated by ligand-receptor interactions, they can be readily blocked by antibodies or modulated by recombinant forms of ligands or receptors. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) antibodies were the first of this class of immunotherapeutics to achieve US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. Preliminary clinical findings with blockers of additional immune-checkpoint proteins, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1), indicate broad and diverse opportunities to enhance antitumour immunity with the potential to produce durable clinical responses. More... »
PAGES252
http://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1038/nrc3239
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrc3239
DIMENSIONShttps://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1047946992
PUBMEDhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22437870
JSON-LD is the canonical representation for SciGraph data.
TIP: You can open this SciGraph record using an external JSON-LD service: JSON-LD Playground Google SDTT
[
{
"@context": "https://springernature.github.io/scigraph/jsonld/sgcontext.json",
"about": [
{
"id": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/1107",
"inDefinedTermSet": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/",
"name": "Immunology",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"id": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/11",
"inDefinedTermSet": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/",
"name": "Medical and Health Sciences",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Animals",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Antigens, Neoplasm",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "CTLA-4 Antigen",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Cancer Vaccines",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Clinical Trials as Topic",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Humans",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Immunotherapy",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Molecular Targeted Therapy",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Neoplasms",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Tumor Escape",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
}
],
"author": [
{
"affiliation": {
"alternateName": "Johns Hopkins University",
"id": "https://www.grid.ac/institutes/grid.21107.35",
"name": [
"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, CRB1 Room 444, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA."
],
"type": "Organization"
},
"familyName": "Pardoll",
"givenName": "Drew M.",
"id": "sg:person.012740423777.12",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/discover/publication?and_facet_researcher=ur.012740423777.12"
],
"type": "Person"
}
],
"citation": [
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxm057",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1000590392"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115611",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1000712023"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.162359999",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1001036900"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-7613(01)00259-x",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1001155163"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.168.8.3771",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1003022152"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065x.2009.00768.x",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1003559487"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065x.2009.00768.x",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1003559487"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.04.5716",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1003868054"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/s00262-008-0513-6",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1004641312",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-008-0513-6"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/s00262-008-0513-6",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1004641312",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-008-0513-6"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/70932",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1005008226",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/70932"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.26.021607.090331",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1005008646"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acthis.2006.01.003",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1006068474"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2004.08.010",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1006770273"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1003496",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1006966354"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-1620",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1006976153"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20082492",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1007523058"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20100637",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1008192342"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1110814108",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1008211321"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/s00262-011-1172-6",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1009295521",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-011-1172-6"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2008.07.030",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1010038473"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/ni1271",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1010092554",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/ni1271"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/ni1271",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1010092554",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/ni1271"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8674(05)80055-8",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1010779663"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-04-1469",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1010849931"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20062512",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1011849396"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-1825",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1012339512"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2007.09.010",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1012360290"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1593/neo.05733",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1013230338"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-01-265975",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1014009443"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-04-0428",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1014027451"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/ni1581",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1014028862",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/ni1581"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1475636021000006252",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1014245487"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/ni944",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1014449844",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/ni944"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/ni944",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1014449844",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/ni944"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0804211",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1015030604"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-7613(94)80021-9",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1015209544"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2005.06.008",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1015402304"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1160062",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1015614203"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20100643",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1016015156"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-03-081646",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1017753025"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/ni.1790",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1018507970",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.1790"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/ni.1790",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1018507970",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.1790"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1172/jci31184",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1018967538"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nature04444",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1018989545",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04444"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nature04444",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1018989545",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04444"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nature04444",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1018989545",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04444"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0810958105",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1019576683"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nm863",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1019635782",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm863"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nm863",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1019635782",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm863"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20031074",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1019749153"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-2197",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1020648662"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.26.7609",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1020897568"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nature07662",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1021658404",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07662"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.171.5.1393",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1021856053"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0406351101",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1022634714"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-2637",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1022989131"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20090847",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1025001897"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20050072",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1025300394"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/82_2010_114",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1027199409",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2010_114"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/82_2010_114",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1027199409",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2010_114"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/s00262-011-1104-5",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1027281188",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-011-1104-5"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/85330",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1028604363",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/85330"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/85330",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1028604363",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/85330"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-2925",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1029467905"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.87.13.5031",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1030565948"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/695834",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1031000774"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-0096",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1031298497"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-12-195792",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1031554317"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1172/jci31178",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1032110459"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20051776",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1032570954"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1053/j.seminoncol.2010.09.010",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1032767040"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-03-3259",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1032845448"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smim.2006.03.003",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1032855329"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nri2326",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1033022245",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2326"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.193.7.839",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1033089077"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nature05543",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1033157722",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05543"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.10645",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1034063213"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1131078",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1034203142"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2007.05.016",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1034397938"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1202947",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1035026116"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030852",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1035459806"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1097/ppo.0b013e3181eacbd8",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1035652487"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1097/ppo.0b013e3181eacbd8",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1035652487"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1097/ppo.0b013e3181eacbd8",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1035652487"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/s00262-011-1155-7",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1035716271",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-011-1155-7"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/s00262-011-1155-7",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1035716271",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-011-1155-7"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.14.1.233",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1036190830"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djq310",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1037022855"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.24899",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1037073141"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.24899",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1037073141"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2004-0129oc",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1038321318"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2004-0129oc",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1038321318"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/ni.1679",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1038410561",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.1679"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nm0902-1039c",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1038547603",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0902-1039c"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nm0902-1039c",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1038547603",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0902-1039c"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.174.3.561",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1039032383"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.174.3.561",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1039032383"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nm1517",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1039360772",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1517"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nm1517",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1039360772",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1517"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20082173",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1039427121"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.01.109",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1039486303"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-0993",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1039493145"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.192461099",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1039946320"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/3-540-27743-9_4",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1040014766",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27743-9_4"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2008.08.266",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1041240565"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.21.9543-9553.2005",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1041768868"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1533209100",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1042168438"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2005.03.006",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1042886530"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nm730",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1043110107",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm730"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nm730",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1043110107",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm730"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-2106",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1043298237"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0806075105",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1044093619"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065x.2008.00608.x",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1045319329"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0830997100",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1045843488"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.190.3.355",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1046049906"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0611533104",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1046431490"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imlet.2010.09.022",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1047394877"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1079490",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1047445436"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065x.2009.00770.x",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1048140877"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065x.2009.00770.x",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1048140877"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-0187",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1049037424"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.170.3.1257",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1049086200"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/1074-7613(95)90125-6",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1049355847"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nrc3237",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1049465305",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc3237"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nature09754",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1049833589",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09754"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.192.7.1027",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1050568666"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80089-8",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1051070926"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/366076a0",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1051071016",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/366076a0"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.21020",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1051156531"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.21020",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1051156531"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1038/mt.2011.88",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1051828004"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa1003466",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1052212829"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/ni1144",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1052404891",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/ni1144"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/ni1144",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1052404891",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/ni1144"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/ni904",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1053106484",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/ni904"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/ni904",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1053106484",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/ni904"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.270.5238.985",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1062551596"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.271.5256.1734",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1062552528"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.291.5502.319",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1062572680"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7694361",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1062648440"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7694363",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1062648442"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.169.7.3475",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1075128303"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05481.x",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1076153991"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.2506",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1083942772"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.7_suppl.331",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1083952094"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
}
],
"datePublished": "2012-04",
"datePublishedReg": "2012-04-01",
"description": "Among the most promising approaches to activating therapeutic antitumour immunity is the blockade of immune checkpoints. Immune checkpoints refer to a plethora of inhibitory pathways hardwired into the immune system that are crucial for maintaining self-tolerance and modulating the duration and amplitude of physiological immune responses in peripheral tissues in order to minimize collateral tissue damage. It is now clear that tumours co-opt certain immune-checkpoint pathways as a major mechanism of immune resistance, particularly against T cells that are specific for tumour antigens. Because many of the immune checkpoints are initiated by ligand-receptor interactions, they can be readily blocked by antibodies or modulated by recombinant forms of ligands or receptors. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) antibodies were the first of this class of immunotherapeutics to achieve US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. Preliminary clinical findings with blockers of additional immune-checkpoint proteins, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1), indicate broad and diverse opportunities to enhance antitumour immunity with the potential to produce durable clinical responses.",
"genre": "research_article",
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/nrc3239",
"inLanguage": [
"en"
],
"isAccessibleForFree": true,
"isFundedItemOf": [
{
"id": "sg:grant.2438833",
"type": "MonetaryGrant"
},
{
"id": "sg:grant.2438791",
"type": "MonetaryGrant"
}
],
"isPartOf": [
{
"id": "sg:journal.1029716",
"issn": [
"1474-175X",
"1474-1768"
],
"name": "Nature Reviews Cancer",
"type": "Periodical"
},
{
"issueNumber": "4",
"type": "PublicationIssue"
},
{
"type": "PublicationVolume",
"volumeNumber": "12"
}
],
"name": "The blockade of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy",
"pagination": "252",
"productId": [
{
"name": "readcube_id",
"type": "PropertyValue",
"value": [
"e4688e8820f150c393a640379f3def1c6e10061d310430f5f2ef59070aeb98d5"
]
},
{
"name": "pubmed_id",
"type": "PropertyValue",
"value": [
"22437870"
]
},
{
"name": "nlm_unique_id",
"type": "PropertyValue",
"value": [
"101124168"
]
},
{
"name": "doi",
"type": "PropertyValue",
"value": [
"10.1038/nrc3239"
]
},
{
"name": "dimensions_id",
"type": "PropertyValue",
"value": [
"pub.1047946992"
]
}
],
"sameAs": [
"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc3239",
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1047946992"
],
"sdDataset": "articles",
"sdDatePublished": "2019-04-10T13:01",
"sdLicense": "https://scigraph.springernature.com/explorer/license/",
"sdPublisher": {
"name": "Springer Nature - SN SciGraph project",
"type": "Organization"
},
"sdSource": "s3://com-uberresearch-data-dimensions-target-20181106-alternative/cleanup/v134/2549eaecd7973599484d7c17b260dba0a4ecb94b/merge/v9/a6c9fde33151104705d4d7ff012ea9563521a3ce/jats-lookup/v90/0000000001_0000000264/records_8659_00000436.jsonl",
"type": "ScholarlyArticle",
"url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/nrc3239"
}
]Download the RDF metadata as: json-ld nt turtle xml License info
JSON-LD is a popular format for linked data which is fully compatible with JSON.
curl -H 'Accept: application/ld+json' 'https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1038/nrc3239'
N-Triples is a line-based linked data format ideal for batch operations.
curl -H 'Accept: application/n-triples' 'https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1038/nrc3239'
Turtle is a human-readable linked data format.
curl -H 'Accept: text/turtle' 'https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1038/nrc3239'
RDF/XML is a standard XML format for linked data.
curl -H 'Accept: application/rdf+xml' 'https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1038/nrc3239'
This table displays all metadata directly associated to this object as RDF triples.
512 TRIPLES
21 PREDICATES
163 URIs
32 LITERALS
20 BLANK NODES