Ontology type: schema:ScholarlyArticle
2008-07
AUTHORSTohru Kobayashi, Osamu Koide, Kozue Mori, Shigeru Shimamura, Takae Matsuura, Takeshi Miura, Yoshihiro Takaki, Yuki Morono, Takuro Nunoura, Hiroyuki Imachi, Fumio Inagaki, Ken Takai, Koki Horikoshi
ABSTRACT"A meta-enzyme approach" is proposed as an ecological enzymatic method to explore the potential functions of microbial communities in extreme environments such as the deep marine subsurface. We evaluated a variety of extra-cellular enzyme activities of sediment slurries and isolates from a deep subseafloor sediment core. Using the new deep-sea drilling vessel "Chikyu", we obtained 365 m of core sediments that contained approximately 2% organic matter and considerable amounts of methane from offshore the Shimokita Peninsula in Japan at a water depth of 1,180 m. In the extra-sediment fraction of the slurry samples, phosphatase, esterase, and catalase activities were detected consistently throughout the core sediments down to the deepest slurry sample from 342.5 m below seafloor (mbsf). Detectable enzyme activities predicted the existence of a sizable population of viable aerobic microorganisms even in deep subseafloor habitats. The subsequent quantitative cultivation using solid media represented remarkably high numbers of aerobic, heterotrophic microbial populations (e.g., maximally 4.4x10(7) cells cm(-3) at 342.5 mbsf). Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the predominant cultivated microbial components were affiliated with the genera Bacillus, Shewanella, Pseudoalteromonas, Halomonas, Pseudomonas, Paracoccus, Rhodococcus, Microbacterium, and Flexibacteracea. Many of the predominant and scarce isolates produced a variety of extra-cellular enzymes such as proteases, amylases, lipases, chitinases, phosphatases, and deoxyribonucleases. Our results indicate that microbes in the deep subseafloor environment off Shimokita are metabolically active and that the cultivable populations may have a great potential in biotechnology. More... »
PAGES519-527
http://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1007/s00792-008-0157-7
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00792-008-0157-7
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curl -H 'Accept: application/n-triples' 'https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1007/s00792-008-0157-7'
Turtle is a human-readable linked data format.
curl -H 'Accept: text/turtle' 'https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1007/s00792-008-0157-7'
RDF/XML is a standard XML format for linked data.
curl -H 'Accept: application/rdf+xml' 'https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1007/s00792-008-0157-7'
This table displays all metadata directly associated to this object as RDF triples.
287 TRIPLES
21 PREDICATES
67 URIs
33 LITERALS
21 BLANK NODES