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Moisture transport by Atlantic tropical cyclones onto the North American continent View Full Text

Ontology type: schema:ScholarlyArticle      Open Access: True


Article Info

DATE

2016-07-06

AUTHORS

Guangzhi Xu, Timothy J. Osborn, Adrian J. Matthews

ABSTRACT

Tropical Cyclones (TCs) are an important source of freshwater for the North American continent. Many studies have tried to estimate this contribution by identifying TC-induced precipitation events, but few have explicitly diagnosed the moisture fluxes across continental boundaries. We design a set of attribution schemes to isolate the column-integrated moisture fluxes that are directly associated with TCs and to quantify the flux onto the North American Continent due to TCs. Averaged over the 2004–2012 hurricane seasons and integrated over the western, southern and eastern coasts of North America, the seven schemes attribute 7–18 % (mean 14%\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$14\,\%$$\end{document}) of total net onshore flux to Atlantic TCs. A reduced contribution of 10%\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$10\,\%$$\end{document} (range 9–11%\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$11\,\%$$\end{document}) was found for the 1980–2003 period, though only two schemes could be applied to this earlier period. Over the whole 1980–2012 period, a further 8%\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$8\,\%$$\end{document} (range 6–9%\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$9\,\%$$\end{document} from two schemes) was attributed to East Pacific TCs, resulting in a total TC contribution of 19%\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$19\,\%$$\end{document} (range 17–22%\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$22\,\%$$\end{document}) to the ocean-to-land moisture transport onto the North American continent between May and November. Analysis of the attribution uncertainties suggests that incorporating details of individual TC size and shape adds limited value to a fixed radius approach and TC positional errors in the ERA-Interim reanalysis do not affect the results significantly, but biases in peak wind speeds and TC sizes may lead to underestimates of moisture transport. The interannual variability does not appear to be strongly related to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon. More... »

PAGES

3161-3182

References to SciGraph publications

  • 2004-11. Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints in INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION
  • 2010-05-21. Contributions of Atlantic tropical cyclones to monthly and seasonal rainfall in the eastern United States 1960–2007 in THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY
  • 2013-09-06. The role of horizontal resolution in simulating drivers of the global hydrological cycle in CLIMATE DYNAMICS
  • 2015-09-30. Different atmospheric moisture divergence responses to extreme and moderate El Niños in CLIMATE DYNAMICS
  • 2007-07. Estimating tropical cyclone precipitation from station observations in ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
  • 2005-07-31. Increasing destructiveness of tropical cyclones over the past 30 years in NATURE

    • Journal

    TITLE

    Climate Dynamics

    ISSUE

    9-10

    VOLUME

    48

    Subjects

  • FOR: Earth Sciences
  • FOR: Oceanography

    • Author Affiliations

  • Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
  • Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences and School of Mathematics, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK

    • Identifiers

    URI

    http://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1007/s00382-016-3257-6

    DOI

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3257-6

    DIMENSIONS

    https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1033922323

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    Incoming Citations Browse incoming citations for this publication using opencitations.net

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