Ontology type: schema:ScholarlyArticle
1992-11
AUTHORSCraig M. Hart, Bernt Fischer, Jean-Marc Neuhaus, Frederick Meins
ABSTRACTThe class I chitinases are vacuolar proteins implicated in the defense of plants against pathogens. Leaves of transgenic Nicotiana sylvestris plants homozygous for a chimeric tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) chitinase gene with Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) 35S RNA expression signals usually accumulate high levels of chitinase relative to comparable leaves of non-transformed plants. Unexpectedly, some transgenic plants accumulated lower levels of chitinase than nontransformed plants. We call this phenomenon silencing. The incidence of silencing depends on the early rearing conditions of the plants. When grown to maturity in a greenhouse, ≈25% of plants raised as seedlings in closed culture vessels were of the silent type; none of the plants raised from seed in a greenhouse showed this phenotype. Silencing is also developmentally regulated. Plants showed three patterns of chitinase expression: uniformly high levels of expression in different leaves, uniformly low levels of expression in different leaves, and position-dependent silencing in which expression was uniform within individual leaves but varied in different leaves on the same plant. Heritability of the silent phenotype was examined in plants homozygous for the transgene. Some direct descendants exhibited a high-silent-high sequence of activity phenotypes in successive sexual generations, which cannot be explained by simple Mendelian inheritance. Taken together, the results indicate that silencing results from stable but potentially reversible states of gene expression that are not meiotically transmitted. Gene-specific measurements of chitinase and chitinase mRNA showed that silencing results from co-suppression, i.e. the inactivation of both host and transgene expression in trans. The silent state was not correlated with cytosine methylation of the transgene at the five restriction sites investigated. More... »
PAGES179-188
http://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1007/bf00279359
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00279359
DIMENSIONShttps://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1052403304
PUBMEDhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1281514
JSON-LD is the canonical representation for SciGraph data.
TIP: You can open this SciGraph record using an external JSON-LD service: JSON-LD Playground Google SDTT
[
{
"@context": "https://springernature.github.io/scigraph/jsonld/sgcontext.json",
"about": [
{
"id": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/06",
"inDefinedTermSet": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/",
"name": "Biological Sciences",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"id": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/0604",
"inDefinedTermSet": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/",
"name": "Genetics",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"id": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/0607",
"inDefinedTermSet": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/",
"name": "Plant Biology",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Base Sequence",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Chitinases",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Codon",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "DNA",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Gene Expression Regulation",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Genotype",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Homozygote",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Methylation",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Phenotype",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Plants",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Plants, Genetically Modified",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Plants, Toxic",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Plasmids",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "RNA",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Ribonucleases",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
},
{
"inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/",
"name": "Tobacco",
"type": "DefinedTerm"
}
],
"author": [
{
"affiliation": {
"alternateName": "Friedrich Miescher-Institut, P.O. box 2543, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland",
"id": "http://www.grid.ac/institutes/grid.482245.d",
"name": [
"Friedrich Miescher-Institut, P.O. box 2543, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland"
],
"type": "Organization"
},
"familyName": "Hart",
"givenName": "Craig M.",
"id": "sg:person.0626505643.75",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/discover/publication?and_facet_researcher=ur.0626505643.75"
],
"type": "Person"
},
{
"affiliation": {
"alternateName": "Friedrich Miescher-Institut, P.O. box 2543, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland",
"id": "http://www.grid.ac/institutes/grid.482245.d",
"name": [
"Friedrich Miescher-Institut, P.O. box 2543, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland"
],
"type": "Organization"
},
"familyName": "Fischer",
"givenName": "Bernt",
"type": "Person"
},
{
"affiliation": {
"alternateName": "Friedrich Miescher-Institut, P.O. box 2543, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland",
"id": "http://www.grid.ac/institutes/grid.482245.d",
"name": [
"Friedrich Miescher-Institut, P.O. box 2543, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland"
],
"type": "Organization"
},
"familyName": "Neuhaus",
"givenName": "Jean-Marc",
"id": "sg:person.0631527437.73",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/discover/publication?and_facet_researcher=ur.0631527437.73"
],
"type": "Person"
},
{
"affiliation": {
"alternateName": "Friedrich Miescher-Institut, P.O. box 2543, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland",
"id": "http://www.grid.ac/institutes/grid.482245.d",
"name": [
"Friedrich Miescher-Institut, P.O. box 2543, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland"
],
"type": "Organization"
},
"familyName": "Meins",
"givenName": "Frederick",
"id": "sg:person.01136614547.28",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/discover/publication?and_facet_researcher=ur.01136614547.28"
],
"type": "Person"
}
],
"citation": [
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/bf00402956",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1044731145",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00402956"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/bf00292701",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1034591291",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00292701"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/bf00017924",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1020645878",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00017924"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/bf00015672",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1050274843",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00015672"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/bf00017912",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1042363061",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00017912"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/bf00239982",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1037145218",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00239982"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/bf00633837",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1040244648",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00633837"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/bf00282454",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1024311517",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00282454"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/bf00028772",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1037550631",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00028772"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1038/324365a0",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1013176934",
"https://doi.org/10.1038/324365a0"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
},
{
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/bf00262443",
"sameAs": [
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1020763717",
"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00262443"
],
"type": "CreativeWork"
}
],
"datePublished": "1992-11",
"datePublishedReg": "1992-11-01",
"description": "The class I chitinases are vacuolar proteins implicated in the defense of plants against pathogens. Leaves of transgenic Nicotiana sylvestris plants homozygous for a chimeric tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) chitinase gene with Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) 35S RNA expression signals usually accumulate high levels of chitinase relative to comparable leaves of non-transformed plants. Unexpectedly, some transgenic plants accumulated lower levels of chitinase than nontransformed plants. We call this phenomenon silencing. The incidence of silencing depends on the early rearing conditions of the plants. When grown to maturity in a greenhouse, \u224825% of plants raised as seedlings in closed culture vessels were of the silent type; none of the plants raised from seed in a greenhouse showed this phenotype. Silencing is also developmentally regulated. Plants showed three patterns of chitinase expression: uniformly high levels of expression in different leaves, uniformly low levels of expression in different leaves, and position-dependent silencing in which expression was uniform within individual leaves but varied in different leaves on the same plant. Heritability of the silent phenotype was examined in plants homozygous for the transgene. Some direct descendants exhibited a high-silent-high sequence of activity phenotypes in successive sexual generations, which cannot be explained by simple Mendelian inheritance. Taken together, the results indicate that silencing results from stable but potentially reversible states of gene expression that are not meiotically transmitted. Gene-specific measurements of chitinase and chitinase mRNA showed that silencing results from co-suppression, i.e. the inactivation of both host and transgene expression in trans. The silent state was not correlated with cytosine methylation of the transgene at the five restriction sites investigated.",
"genre": "article",
"id": "sg:pub.10.1007/bf00279359",
"isAccessibleForFree": false,
"isPartOf": [
{
"id": "sg:journal.1297380",
"issn": [
"1617-4615",
"1432-1874"
],
"name": "Molecular Genetics and Genomics",
"publisher": "Springer Nature",
"type": "Periodical"
},
{
"issueNumber": "2-3",
"type": "PublicationIssue"
},
{
"type": "PublicationVolume",
"volumeNumber": "235"
}
],
"keywords": [
"transgenic Nicotiana sylvestris plants",
"tobacco chitinase gene",
"Nicotiana sylvestris plants",
"different leaves",
"chitinase gene",
"gene expression",
"defense of plants",
"non-transformed plants",
"homologous gene expression",
"simple Mendelian inheritance",
"successive sexual generations",
"regulated inactivation",
"transgenic plants",
"nontransformed plants",
"comparable leaves",
"class I chitinases",
"cytosine methylation",
"vacuolar protein",
"sexual generation",
"chitinase mRNA",
"individual leaves",
"chitinase expression",
"expression signals",
"same plant",
"high sequence",
"Mendelian inheritance",
"silent state",
"restriction sites",
"leaves",
"silent phenotype",
"plants",
"chitinase",
"phenotype",
"genes",
"transgene expression",
"expression",
"transgene",
"activity phenotypes",
"greenhouse",
"direct descendants",
"reversible state",
"high levels",
"culture vessels",
"low levels",
"inactivation",
"chitinases",
"silencing",
"seedlings",
"methylation",
"heritability",
"protein",
"silent type",
"seeds",
"mRNA",
"inheritance",
"pathogens",
"host",
"sequence",
"defense",
"descendants",
"levels",
"sites",
"maturity",
"trans",
"patterns",
"signals",
"results",
"generation",
"types",
"conditions",
"state",
"vessels",
"phenomenon",
"incidence",
"measurements"
],
"name": "Regulated inactivation of homologous gene expression in transgenic Nicotiana sylvestris plants containing a defense-related tobacco chitinase gene",
"pagination": "179-188",
"productId": [
{
"name": "dimensions_id",
"type": "PropertyValue",
"value": [
"pub.1052403304"
]
},
{
"name": "doi",
"type": "PropertyValue",
"value": [
"10.1007/bf00279359"
]
},
{
"name": "pubmed_id",
"type": "PropertyValue",
"value": [
"1281514"
]
}
],
"sameAs": [
"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00279359",
"https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1052403304"
],
"sdDataset": "articles",
"sdDatePublished": "2022-08-04T16:52",
"sdLicense": "https://scigraph.springernature.com/explorer/license/",
"sdPublisher": {
"name": "Springer Nature - SN SciGraph project",
"type": "Organization"
},
"sdSource": "s3://com-springernature-scigraph/baseset/20220804/entities/gbq_results/article/article_246.jsonl",
"type": "ScholarlyArticle",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00279359"
}
]Download the RDF metadata as: json-ld nt turtle xml License info
JSON-LD is a popular format for linked data which is fully compatible with JSON.
curl -H 'Accept: application/ld+json' 'https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1007/bf00279359'
N-Triples is a line-based linked data format ideal for batch operations.
curl -H 'Accept: application/n-triples' 'https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1007/bf00279359'
Turtle is a human-readable linked data format.
curl -H 'Accept: text/turtle' 'https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1007/bf00279359'
RDF/XML is a standard XML format for linked data.
curl -H 'Accept: application/rdf+xml' 'https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1007/bf00279359'
This table displays all metadata directly associated to this object as RDF triples.
268 TRIPLES
21 PREDICATES
129 URIs
109 LITERALS
23 BLANK NODES