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2015-12-02
AUTHORS ABSTRACTAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex multifactorial disease caused by the chronic interplay of genetic and environmental risk factors. One of the features observed in both early/intermediate and late forms of AMD is the subretinal accumulation of mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) such as inflammatory macrophages and microglial cells. The pathogenic importance of MP accumulation is not well understood and animal models might help defining it. In this chapter we first summarize the evidence and nature of subretinal inflammation in AMD. We review whether and how animal models of AMD risk factors influence subretinal inflammation. We outline “primary” subretinal inflammation models, where the subretinal inflammation develops between originally healthy photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, due to a defect in tonic anti-inflammatory signals, deficient leukocyte elimination, or an autoimmune reaction. Finally, we give an overview of “secondary inflammation” models, where the subretinal MP accumulation has been shown to play a pathogenic role. The use of these AMD models might help to understand the origin and role of subretinal MP accumulation in AMD and identify drug targets to inhibit the possibly pathogenic accumulation of subretinal MPs or their neurotoxic and angiogenic mediators. More... »
PAGES51-65
Animal Models of Ophthalmic Diseases
ISBN
978-3-319-19433-2
978-3-319-19434-9
http://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1007/978-3-319-19434-9_4
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19434-9_4
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